MOUNT(8) | System Manager's Manual | MOUNT(8) |
mount
— mount file
systems
mount |
[-AadfNruvw ] [-t
type] |
mount |
[-dfrsuvw ] special |
node |
mount |
[-dfruvw ] [-o
options] [-t
type] special node |
The mount
command invokes a file system
specific program to prepare and graft the special
device or remote node (rhost:path) on to the file system tree at the point
node. If either special or
node are not provided, the appropriate information is
taken from the fstab(5) file.
For disk partitions, the special device is either a disklabel(8) UID (DUID) or an entry in /dev. If it is a DUID, it will be automatically mapped to the appropriate entry in /dev. In either case the partition must be present in the disklabel loaded from the device. The partition name is the last letter in the entry name. For example, /dev/sd0a and 3eb7f9da875cb9ee.a both refer to the ‘a’ partition.
A mount point node must be an existing directory for a mount to succeed (except in the special case of /, of course). Only the superuser may mount file systems.
The system maintains a list of currently mounted file systems. If
no arguments are given to mount
, this list is
printed.
The options are as follows:
-A
mount
to try to mount all of the file
systems listed in the fstab(5) table
except those for which the “noauto” or “net”
options are specified.-a
-A
flag, except that if a file
system (other than the root file system) appears to be already mounted,
mount
will not try to mount it again.
mount
assumes that a file system is already
mounted if a file system with the same type is mounted on the given mount
point. More stringent checks are not possible because some file system
types report strange values for the mounted-from device for mounted file
systems.-d
-v
flag to determine what the
mount
command is trying to do.-f
-N
-A
or
-a
, mount
will only look
at file systems which have the “net” option specified. By
default file systems with the “net” option are ignored.-o
optionsasync
This is a dangerous flag to set since it does not guarantee to keep a consistent file system structure on the disk. You should not use this flag unless you are prepared to recreate the file system should your system crash. The most common use of this flag is to speed up restore(8) where it can give a factor of two speed increase.
The options async
and
softdep
are mutually exclusive.
force
-f
; forces the revocation of write
access when trying to downgrade a file system mount status from
read-write to read-only.noatime
nodev
noexec
noperm
norw
nosuid
rdonly
-r
; mount the file system
read-only (even the superuser may not write it).ro
softdep
-u
flag
and a file system is already mounted read/write.
The options async
and
softdep
are mutually exclusive.
sync
update
-u
; indicate that the status of an
already mounted file system should be changed.wxallowed
Any additional options specific to a given file system type
(see the -t
option) may be passed as a comma
separated list; these options are distinguished by a leading
“-” (dash). Options that take a value are specified using
the syntax -option=value. For example:
# mount -t mfs -o rw,nodev,nosuid,-s=153600 /dev/sd0b /tmp
That causes mount
to execute the
equivalent of:
# /sbin/mount_mfs -o rw,nodev,nosuid -s 153600 /dev/sd0b /tmp
The equivalent example in fstab(5) would be:
swap /tmp mfs rw,nodev,nosuid,-s=153600 0 0
-r
-o
option.-s
-a
flag for a description of the criteria used to
decide if a file system is already mounted.-t
type-t
is used to indicate
the file system type. The type ffs is the default.
The -t
option can be used to indicate that the
actions should only be taken on file systems of the specified type. More
than one type may be specified in a comma separated list. The list of file
system types can be prefixed with “no” to specify the file
system types for which action should
not be
taken. For example, the mount
command:
# mount -a -t nonfs,mfs
mounts all file systems except those of type NFS and MFS.
mount
will attempt to execute a
program in /sbin/mount_XXX
where XXX is replaced by the type name. For example,
NFS file systems are mounted by the program
/sbin/mount_nfs.
-u
-u
flag indicates that the status of an
already mounted file system should be changed. Any of the options
discussed above (the -o
option) may be changed;
also a file system can be changed from read-only to read-write or vice
versa. An attempt to change from read-write to read-only will fail if any
files on the file system are currently open for writing unless the
-f
flag is also specified. Only options specified
on the command line with -o
are changed; other
file system options are unaltered. The options set in the
fstab(5) table are ignored.-v
-w
The options specific to the various file system types are
described in the manual pages for those file systems'
mount_XXX
commands. For instance, the options
specific to Berkeley Fast File Systems are described in the
mount_ffs(8) manual page.
Mount a CD-ROM on node /mnt/cdrom:
# mount -t cd9660 -r /dev/cd0a
/mnt/cdrom
Mount an MS-DOS USB stick with DUID 3eb7f9da875cb9ee on node /mnt/key:
# mount -t msdos 3eb7f9da875cb9ee.i
/mnt/key
Graft a remote NFS file system on host host, path /path/name, on node /mnt/nfs:
# mount host:/path/name
/mnt/nfs
Remount /var with option “dev”:
# mount -u -o dev /var
mount(2), fstab(5), disklabel(8), mount_cd9660(8), mount_ext2fs(8), mount_ffs(8), mount_mfs(8), mount_msdos(8), mount_nfs(8), mount_ntfs(8), mount_tmpfs(8), mount_udf(8), mount_vnd(8), sysctl(8), umount(8)
A mount
command appeared in
Version 1 AT&T UNIX.
After a successful mount
, the permissions
on the original mount point determine if “..” is accessible
from the mounted file system. The minimum permissions for the mount point
for traversal across the mount point in both directions to be possible for
all users is 0111 (execute for all).
March 10, 2019 | OpenBSD-current |