INET_NTOP(3) | Library Functions Manual | INET_NTOP(3) |
inet_ntop
,
inet_pton
— convert Internet
addresses between presentation and network formats
#include
<arpa/inet.h>
const char *
inet_ntop
(int
af, const void * restrict
src, char * restrict
dst, socklen_t
size);
int
inet_pton
(int
af, const char * restrict
src, void * restrict
dst);
The
inet_pton
()
function converts a presentation format address (that is, printable form as
held in a character string) to network format (usually a
struct in_addr
or some other internal binary
representation, in network byte order). It returns 1 if the address was
valid for the specified address family; 0 if the address wasn't parseable in
the specified address family; or -1 if some system error occurred (in which
case errno will have been set). This function is
presently valid for AF_INET
and
AF_INET6
.
The function
inet_ntop
()
converts an address from network format to presentation format. It returns
NULL
if a system error occurs (in which case,
errno will have been set), or it returns a pointer to
the destination string.
All Internet addresses are returned in network order (bytes ordered from left to right).
Values must be specified using the standard dot notation:
a.b.c.d
All four parts must be decimal numbers between 0 and 255,
inclusive, and are assigned, from left to right, to the four bytes of an
Internet address. Note that when an Internet address is viewed as a 32-bit
integer quantity on a system that uses little-endian byte order (such as
AMD64 or ARM processors) the bytes referred to above appear as
“d.c.b.a
”. That is, little-endian
bytes are ordered from right to left.
In order to support scoped IPv6 addresses, getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3) are recommended rather than the functions presented here.
The presentation format of an IPv6 address is given in RFC 4291:
There are three conventional forms for representing IPv6 addresses as text strings:
FEDC:BA98:7654:3210:FEDC:BA98:7654:3210 1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A
Note that it is not necessary to write the leading zeros in an individual field, but there must be at least one numeral in every field (except for the case described in 2.).
For example the following addresses:
1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A a unicast address FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:43 a multicast address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 the loopback address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 the unspecified addresses
may be represented as:
1080::8:800:200C:417A a unicast address FF01::43 a multicast address ::1 the loopback address :: the unspecified addresses
0:0:0:0:0:0:13.1.68.3 0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:129.144.52.38
or in compressed form:
::13.1.68.3 ::FFFF:129.144.52.38
The inet_ntop
and
inet_pton
functions conform to the IETF IPv6 BSD API
and address formatting specifications, as well as IEEE Std
1003.1-2008 (“POSIX.1”).
The inet_pton
and
inet_ntop
functions appeared in BIND 4.9.4.
Note that inet_pton
does not accept 1-,
2-, or 3-part dotted addresses; all four parts must be specified and must be
in decimal (and not octal or hexadecimal). This is a narrower input set than
that accepted by inet_aton
.
R. Gilligan, S. Thomson, J. Bound, J. McCann, and W. Stevens, Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6, RFC 3493, February 2003.
R. Hinden and S. Deering, IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture, RFC 4291, February 2006.
August 30, 2019 | OpenBSD-6.9 |