FSTAT(1) | General Commands Manual | FSTAT(1) |
fstat
— display
status of open files
fstat |
[-fnosv ] [-M
core] [-N
system] [-p
pid] [-u
user] [file ...] |
fstat
identifies open files. A file is
considered open by a process if it was explicitly opened, is the working
directory, root directory, active executable text, or kernel trace file for
that process. If no options are specified, fstat
reports on all open files in the system.
The options are as follows:
-f
# fstat -f /usr/src
-M
core-N
system-n
-o
-p
pid-s
-u
user-v
fstat
is running. This is
normal and unavoidable since the rest of the system is running while
fstat
itself is running.The following fields are printed:
USER
CMD
PID
FD
If the file number is followed by an asterisk
(‘*
’), the file is not an inode,
but rather a socket, or there is an error. In this case the remainder of
the line doesn't correspond to the remaining headers — the format
of the line is described later under
SOCKETS.
MOUNT
-n
flag wasn't specified, this header is
present and is the pathname that the file system the file resides in is
mounted on.DEV
-n
flag is specified, this header is
present and is the major/minor number of the device that this file resides
in.INUM
*
’) if the inode is unlinked from
disk.MODE
-n
flag isn't
specified, the mode is printed using a symbolic format (see
strmode(3)); otherwise, the mode is
printed as an octal number.R/W
This field is useful when trying to find the processes that are preventing a file system from being downgraded to read-only.
SZ
|
DV
-n
flag is
not specified, prints the name of the special file as located in
/dev. If that cannot be located, or the
-n
flag is specified, prints the major/minor
device number that the special device refers to.NAME
-f
flag is not, then this field is present and is the name associated with
the given file. Normally the name cannot be determined since there is no
mapping from an open file back to the directory entry that was used to
open that file. Also, since different directory entries may reference the
same file (via ln(1)), the name printed may
not be the actual name that the process originally used to open that
file.XFERS
KBYTES
The formatting of open sockets depends on the protocol domain. In all cases the first field is the domain name and the second field is the socket type (stream, dgram, etc). The remaining fields are protocol dependent. For TCP, it is the address of the tcpcb, and for UDP, the inpcb (socket pcb). For UNIX-domain sockets, it's the address of the socket pcb and the address of the connected pcb (if connected). Otherwise the protocol number and address of the socket itself are printed. The attempt is to make enough information available to permit further analysis without duplicating netstat(1).
For example, the addresses mentioned above are the addresses which
the netstat -A
command would print for TCP, UDP, and
UNIX-domain. These addresses are only visible to the
superuser, otherwise 0x0 is printed. Sockets that have been disassociated
from a protocol control block will always print 0x0. A unidirectional
UNIX-domain socket indicates the direction of flow
with an arrow (“<-” or “->”), and a full
duplex socket shows a double arrow (“<->”).
For AF_INET
and
AF_INET6
sockets, fstat
also
attempts to print the internet address and port for the local end of a
connection. If the socket is connected, it also prints the remote internet
address and port. A ‘*
’ is used to
indicate an INADDR_ANY
binding. In this case, the
use of the arrow (“<--” or “-->”)
indicates the direction the socket connection was created.
If the socket has been spliced to or from another socket (see
setsockopt(2) and
SO_SPLICE
) then fstat
prints
a thick arrow (“<==>”, “<==”, or
“==>”), followed by the address and endpoint information of
the other socket in the splice, if available.
Every pipe is printed as an address which is the same for both sides of the pipe and a state that is built of the letters “RWE”. W - The pipe blocks waiting for the reader to read data. R - The pipe blocks waiting for the writer to write data. E - The pipe is in EOF state.
Each kqueue(2) is printed with some information as to queue length. Since these things are normally serviced quickly, it is likely that nothing of real importance can be discerned.
netstat(1), nfsstat(1), ps(1), systat(1), top(1), iostat(8), pstat(8), tcpdrop(8), vmstat(8)
The fstat
command appeared in
4.3BSD-Tahoe.
Sockets in use by the kernel, such as those opened by
nfsd(8), will not be seen by
fstat
, even though they appear in
netstat(1).
Since fstat
takes a snapshot of the
system, it is only correct for a very short period of time.
Moreover, because DNS resolution and YP lookups cause many file
descriptor changes, fstat
does not attempt to
translate the internet address and port numbers into symbolic names.
March 31, 2019 | OpenBSD-current |