NAME

nmea —

NMEA 0183 timedelta sensor

SYNOPSIS

pseudo-device nmea [count]

DESCRIPTION

This line discipline interfaces NMEA devices, such as GPS receivers attached to a serial or USB port.

The line discipline is enabled by the following sequence:

#include <sys/ioctl.h>
int ldisc = NMEADISC, fildes; ...
ioctl(fildes, TIOCSETD, &ldisc);

The byte stream is unaltered by the line discipline which maintains timedelta and position sensors using the NMEA data. The sensors will appear as nmea* in the list. The timedelta (nanoseconds difference between the received time information and the local time), and position (calculated latitude and longitude in degrees) can be accessed through the sysctl(8) interface.

The nmea line discipline decodes NMEA 0183 Recommended Minimum Specific GPS/TRANSIT Data sentences. The time and date information and position are extracted. The warning indication is used to provide the sensor status (see below). If the attached device sends the RMC message in the 13-field format, the operation mode of the GPS device is reported in the sensor description. The sensor timestamp is copied from the tty timestamp if a device with PPS is being used and tty timestamping has been turned on. Otherwise the sensor timestamp is taken when the initial `$' character of a message block is received from the NMEA device.

RMC messages source are recognised by the first two characters of the sentence according to the following prefixes:

GP: GPS
GA: Galileo
BD: BeiDou
GL: Glonass
GN: Generic GNSS

SENSOR STATES

The quality of the timedelta is reported as the sensor status:

OK: The time information and position are valid. The timedelta is safe to use for applications like ntpd(8).
WARN: The attached GPS receiver has been indicating a warning condition for at least the last ten minutes. The timedelta should be used with care.
CRITICAL: tty timestamping has been turned on but there is no PPS signal present or the GPS receiver indicated a warning condition for at least the last twenty minutes. Check your hardware. Some GPS units need PPS to be manually turned on.

The status of a second sensor is used to report the status of the device itself:

OK: The clock is synchronized, e.g. a GPS receiver has a fix.
WARN: The device issued a warning condition, e.g. a GPS receiver has no fix.

HISTORY

The nmea interface first appeared in OpenBSD 4.0.

AUTHORS