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HYPOT(3) Library Functions Manual HYPOT(3)

hypot, hypotf, hypotl, cabs, cabsf, cabslEuclidean distance and complex absolute value functions

#include <math.h>

double
hypot(double x, double y);

float
hypotf(float x, float y);

long double
hypotl(long double x, long double y);

#include <complex.h>

double
cabs(double complex z);

float
cabsf(float complex z);

long double
cabsl(long double complex z);

The (), () and () functions compute the sqrt(x*x+y*y) in such a way that underflow will not happen, and overflow occurs only if the final result deserves it.

(infinity, v) = hypot(v, infinity) = +infinity for all v, including NaN.

The (), () and () functions return the absolute value of the complex number z.

Below 0.97 . Consequently hypot(5.0, 12.0) = 13.0 exactly; in general, hypot and cabs return an integer whenever an integer might be expected.

As might be expected, hypot(v, NaN) and hypot(NaN, v) are NaN for all v. Programmers might be surprised at first to discover that hypot(±infinity, NaN) = +infinity. This is intentional; it happens because hypot(infinity, v) = +infinity for v, finite or infinite. Hence hypot(infinity, v) is independent of v. The IEEE NaN is designed to disappear when it turns out to be irrelevant, as it does in hypot(infinity, NaN).

fpclassify(3), sqrt(3)

A hypot() function first appeared in Version 2 AT&T UNIX, and cabs() in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.

June 29, 2021 OpenBSD-current