LAST(1) | General Commands Manual | LAST(1) |
last
— indicate
last logins of users, ttys, and hosts
last |
[-csT ] [-d
date] [-f
file] [-h
host] [-n
number] [-t
tty] [user ...] |
The last
utility will either list the
sessions of specified users,
ttys, and hosts, in reverse time
order, or list the users logged in at a specified snapshot date and time in
reverse time order. Each line of output contains the user name, the tty from
which the session was conducted, any hostname, the start and stop times for
the session, and the duration of the session. If the session is still
continuing or was cut short by a crash or shutdown,
last
will so indicate.
The options are as follows:
-c
-d
date-f
option to derive the results from stored wtmp
files. When this argument is provided, all other options except for
-f
and -n
are ignored. The
argument should be in the form “[[[CC]YY]MMDD]hhmm[.SS]”
where each pair of letters represents the following:
All but the “hh” and “mm” letter pairs are optional. If the “CC” and “YY” letter pairs are not specified, the values default to the current year. If the “MM” and “DD” letter pairs are not specified, the values default to the current month and day. If the “SS” letter pair is not specified, the value defaults to 0.
-f
filelast
reads the file file
instead of the default, /var/log/wtmp.-h
host-n
number-
number is also supported,
but is deprecated.-s
-T
-t
ttylast -t 03
is equivalent
to last -t tty03
.If multiple arguments are given, and a snapshot time is not
specified, the information which applies to any of the arguments is printed,
e.g., last root -t console
would list all of
root
's sessions as well as all sessions on the
console terminal. If no users, hostnames, or terminals are specified,
last
prints a record of all logins and logouts.
The pseudo-user “reboot” logs in at reboots of the
system; thus last reboot
will give an indication of
mean time between reboot.
If last
is interrupted, it indicates to
what date the search has progressed. If interrupted with a quit signal,
last
indicates how far the search has progressed and
then continues.
The last
utility first appeared in
1BSD.
The original version was written by Howard P. Katseff; Keith Bostic rewrote it in 1986/87 to add functionality and to improve code quality.
December 31, 2011 | OpenBSD-6.4 |