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EVP_ENCRYPTINIT(3) Library Functions Manual EVP_ENCRYPTINIT(3)

EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free, EVP_EncryptInit_ex, EVP_EncryptUpdate, EVP_EncryptFinal_ex, EVP_DecryptInit_ex, EVP_DecryptUpdate, EVP_DecryptFinal_ex, EVP_CipherInit_ex, EVP_CipherUpdate, EVP_CipherFinal_ex, EVP_EncryptInit, EVP_EncryptFinal, EVP_DecryptInit, EVP_DecryptFinal, EVP_CipherInit, EVP_CipherFinal, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_key_length, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup, EVP_get_cipherbyname, EVP_get_cipherbynid, EVP_get_cipherbyobj, EVP_CIPHER_nid, EVP_CIPHER_block_size, EVP_CIPHER_key_length, EVP_CIPHER_iv_length, EVP_CIPHER_flags, EVP_CIPHER_mode, EVP_CIPHER_type, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cipher, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_nid, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_block_size, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_key_length, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_iv_length, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_get_app_data, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_app_data, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_type, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_flags, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_mode, EVP_CIPHER_param_to_asn1, EVP_CIPHER_asn1_to_param, EVP_enc_null, EVP_des_cbc, EVP_des_ecb, EVP_des_cfb, EVP_des_ofb, EVP_des_ede_cbc, EVP_des_ede, EVP_des_ede_ofb, EVP_des_ede_cfb, EVP_des_ede3_cbc, EVP_des_ede3, EVP_des_ede3_ofb, EVP_des_ede3_cfb, EVP_desx_cbc, EVP_rc4, EVP_rc4_40, EVP_rc4_hmac_md5, EVP_idea_cbc, EVP_idea_ecb, EVP_idea_cfb, EVP_idea_ofb, EVP_rc2_cbc, EVP_rc2_ecb, EVP_rc2_cfb, EVP_rc2_ofb, EVP_rc2_40_cbc, EVP_rc2_64_cbc, EVP_bf_cbc, EVP_bf_ecb, EVP_bf_cfb, EVP_bf_ofb, EVP_cast5_cbc, EVP_cast5_ecb, EVP_cast5_cfb, EVP_cast5_ofb, EVP_aes_128_cbc, EVP_aes_128_ecb, EVP_aes_128_cfb, EVP_aes_128_ofb, EVP_aes_192_cbc, EVP_aes_192_ecb, EVP_aes_192_cfb, EVP_aes_192_ofb, EVP_aes_256_cbc, EVP_aes_256_ecb, EVP_aes_256_cfb, EVP_aes_256_ofb, EVP_aes_128_gcm, EVP_aes_192_gcm, EVP_aes_256_gcm, EVP_aes_128_ccm, EVP_aes_192_ccm, EVP_aes_256_ccm, EVP_aes_128_cbc_hmac_sha1, EVP_aes_256_cbc_hmac_sha1, EVP_rc5_32_12_16_cbc, EVP_rc5_32_12_16_cfb, EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ecb, EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb, EVP_chacha20EVP cipher routines

#include <openssl/evp.h>

EVP_CIPHER_CTX *
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new(void);

void
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

void
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

int
EVP_EncryptInit_ex(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, const EVP_CIPHER *type, ENGINE *impl, unsigned char *key, unsigned char *iv);

int
EVP_EncryptUpdate(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *out, int *outl, unsigned char *in, int inl);

int
EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *out, int *outl);

int
EVP_DecryptInit_ex(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, const EVP_CIPHER *type, ENGINE *impl, unsigned char *key, unsigned char *iv);

int
EVP_DecryptUpdate(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *out, int *outl, unsigned char *in, int inl);

int
EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *outm, int *outl);

int
EVP_CipherInit_ex(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, const EVP_CIPHER *type, ENGINE *impl, unsigned char *key, unsigned char *iv, int enc);

int
EVP_CipherUpdate(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *out, int *outl, unsigned char *in, int inl);

int
EVP_CipherFinal_ex(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *outm, int *outl);

int
EVP_EncryptInit(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, const EVP_CIPHER *type, unsigned char *key, unsigned char *iv);

int
EVP_EncryptFinal(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *out, int *outl);

int
EVP_DecryptInit(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, const EVP_CIPHER *type, unsigned char *key, unsigned char *iv);

int
EVP_DecryptFinal(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *outm, int *outl);

int
EVP_CipherInit(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, const EVP_CIPHER *type, unsigned char *key, unsigned char *iv, int enc);

int
EVP_CipherFinal(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, unsigned char *outm, int *outl);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *x, int padding);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_key_length(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *x, int keylen);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, int type, int arg, void *ptr);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

const EVP_CIPHER *
EVP_get_cipherbyname(const char *name);

const EVP_CIPHER *
EVP_get_cipherbynid(int nid);

const EVP_CIPHER *
EVP_get_cipherbyobj(const ASN1_OBJECT *a);

int
EVP_CIPHER_nid(const EVP_CIPHER *e);

int
EVP_CIPHER_block_size(const EVP_CIPHER *e);

int
EVP_CIPHER_key_length(const EVP_CIPHER *e);

int
EVP_CIPHER_iv_length(const EVP_CIPHER *e);

unsigned long
EVP_CIPHER_flags(const EVP_CIPHER *e);

unsigned long
EVP_CIPHER_mode(const EVP_CIPHER *e);

int
EVP_CIPHER_type(const EVP_CIPHER *ctx);

const EVP_CIPHER *
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cipher(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_nid(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_block_size(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_key_length(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_iv_length(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

void *
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_get_app_data(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

void
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_app_data(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx, void *data);

int
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_type(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

unsigned long
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_flags(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

unsigned long
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_mode(const EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx);

int
EVP_CIPHER_param_to_asn1(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *c, ASN1_TYPE *type);

int
EVP_CIPHER_asn1_to_param(EVP_CIPHER_CTX *c, ASN1_TYPE *type);

The EVP cipher routines are a high level interface to certain symmetric ciphers.

() creates a cipher context.

() initializes the cipher context ctx.

() clears all information from a cipher context and frees up any allocated memory associate with it, including ctx itself. This function should be called after all operations using a cipher are complete, so sensitive information does not remain in memory. If ctx is a NULL pointer, no action occurs.

() sets up the cipher context ctx for encryption with cipher type from ENGINE impl. ctx must be initialized before calling this function. type is normally supplied by a function such as (). If impl is NULL, then the default implementation is used. key is the symmetric key to use and iv is the IV to use (if necessary). The actual number of bytes used for the key and IV depends on the cipher. It is possible to set all parameters to NULL except type in an initial call and supply the remaining parameters in subsequent calls, all of which have type set to NULL. This is done when the default cipher parameters are not appropriate.

() encrypts inl bytes from the buffer in and writes the encrypted version to out. This function can be called multiple times to encrypt successive blocks of data. The amount of data written depends on the block alignment of the encrypted data: as a result the amount of data written may be anything from zero bytes to (inl + cipher_block_size - 1) so out should contain sufficient room. The actual number of bytes written is placed in outl.

If padding is enabled (the default) then () encrypts the "final" data, that is any data that remains in a partial block. It uses NOTES (aka PKCS padding). The encrypted final data is written to out which should have sufficient space for one cipher block. The number of bytes written is placed in outl. After this function is called the encryption operation is finished and no further calls to EVP_EncryptUpdate() should be made.

If padding is disabled then () will not encrypt any more data and it will return an error if any data remains in a partial block: that is if the total data length is not a multiple of the block size.

(), (), and () are the corresponding decryption operations. EVP_DecryptFinal() will return an error code if padding is enabled and the final block is not correctly formatted. The parameters and restrictions are identical to the encryption operations except that if padding is enabled the decrypted data buffer out passed to EVP_DecryptUpdate() should have sufficient room for (inl + cipher_block_size) bytes unless the cipher block size is 1 in which case inl bytes is sufficient.

(), EVP_CipherUpdate(), and () are functions that can be used for decryption or encryption. The operation performed depends on the value of the enc parameter. It should be set to 1 for encryption, 0 for decryption and -1 to leave the value unchanged (the actual value of enc being supplied in a previous call).

() clears all information from a cipher context and free up any allocated memory associated with it. It should be called after all operations using a cipher are complete so sensitive information does not remain in memory.

(), (), and EVP_CipherInit() behave in a similar way to EVP_EncryptInit_ex(), EVP_DecryptInit_ex(), and EVP_CipherInit_ex() except the ctx parameter does not need to be initialized and they always use the default cipher implementation.

(), EVP_DecryptFinal(), and EVP_CipherFinal() are identical to EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(), EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(), and EVP_CipherFinal_ex(). In previous releases of OpenSSL, they also used to clean up the ctx, but this is no longer done and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup() must be called to free any context resources.

(), EVP_get_cipherbynid(), and EVP_get_cipherbyobj() return an EVP_CIPHER structure when passed a cipher name, a NID or an ASN1_OBJECT structure.

() and () return the NID of a cipher when passed an EVP_CIPHER or EVP_CIPHER_CTX structure. The actual NID value is an internal value which may not have a corresponding OBJECT IDENTIFIER.

() enables or disables padding. This function should be called after the context is set up for encryption or decryption with EVP_EncryptInit_ex(), EVP_DecryptInit_ex(), or EVP_CipherInit_ex . By default encryption operations are padded using standard block padding and the padding is checked and removed when decrypting. If the padding parameter is zero, then no padding is performed, the total amount of data encrypted or decrypted must then be a multiple of the block size or an error will occur.

() and () return the key length of a cipher when passed an EVP_CIPHER or EVP_CIPHER_CTX structure. The constant EVP_MAX_KEY_LENGTH is the maximum key length for all ciphers. Note: although EVP_CIPHER_key_length() is fixed for a given cipher, the value of EVP_CIPHER_CTX_key_length() may be different for variable key length ciphers.

() sets the key length of the cipher ctx. If the cipher is a fixed length cipher, then attempting to set the key length to any value other than the fixed value is an error.

() and () return the IV length of a cipher when passed an EVP_CIPHER or EVP_CIPHER_CTX. It will return zero if the cipher does not use an IV. The constant EVP_MAX_IV_LENGTH is the maximum IV length for all ciphers.

() and () return the block size of a cipher when passed an EVP_CIPHER or EVP_CIPHER_CTX structure. The constant EVP_MAX_BLOCK_LENGTH is also the maximum block length for all ciphers.

() and () return the type of the passed cipher or context. This "type" is the actual NID of the cipher OBJECT IDENTIFIER as such it ignores the cipher parameters and 40-bit RC2 and 128-bit RC2 have the same NID. If the cipher does not have an object identifier or does not have ASN.1 support this function will return NID_undef.

() returns the EVP_CIPHER structure when passed an EVP_CIPHER_CTX structure.

() and () return the block cipher mode: EVP_CIPH_ECB_MODE, EVP_CIPH_CBC_MODE, EVP_CIPH_CFB_MODE, or EVP_CIPH_OFB_MODE. If the cipher is a stream cipher then EVP_CIPH_STREAM_CIPHER is returned.

() sets the ASN.1 AlgorithmIdentifier parameter based on the passed cipher. This will typically include any parameters and an IV. The cipher IV (if any) must be set when this call is made. This call should be made before the cipher is actually "used" (before any EVP_EncryptUpdate() or EVP_DecryptUpdate() calls, for example). This function may fail if the cipher does not have any ASN.1 support.

() sets the cipher parameters based on an ASN.1 AlgorithmIdentifier parameter. The precise effect depends on the cipher. In the case of RC2, for example, it will set the IV and effective key length. This function should be called after the base cipher type is set but before the key is set. For example () will be called with the IV and key set to NULL, EVP_CIPHER_asn1_to_param() will be called and finally EVP_CipherInit() again with all parameters except the key set to NULL. It is possible for this function to fail if the cipher does not have any ASN.1 support or the parameters cannot be set (for example the RC2 effective key length is not supported).

() allows various cipher specific parameters to be determined and set. Currently only the RC2 effective key length and the number of rounds of RC5 can be set.

Where possible the EVP interface to symmetric ciphers should be used in preference to the low level interfaces. This is because the code then becomes transparent to the cipher used and much more flexible.

PKCS padding works by adding n padding bytes of value n to make the total length of the encrypted data a multiple of the block size. Padding is always added so if the data is already a multiple of the block size n will equal the block size. For example if the block size is 8 and 11 bytes are to be encrypted then 5 padding bytes of value 5 will be added.

When decrypting the final block is checked to see if it has the correct form.

Although the decryption operation can produce an error if padding is enabled, it is not a strong test that the input data or key is correct. A random block has better than 1 in 256 chance of being of the correct format and problems with the input data earlier on will not produce a final decrypt error.

If padding is disabled then the decryption operation will always succeed if the total amount of data decrypted is a multiple of the block size.

The functions (), EVP_EncryptFinal(), EVP_DecryptInit(), EVP_CipherInit(), and EVP_CipherFinal() are obsolete but are retained for compatibility with existing code. New code should use EVP_EncryptInit_ex(), EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(), EVP_DecryptInit_ex(), EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(), EVP_CipherInit_ex(), and EVP_CipherFinal_ex() because they can reuse an existing context without allocating and freeing it up on each call.

() and () are implemented as macros.

EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new() returns a pointer to a newly created EVP_CIPHER_CTX for success or NULL for failure.

EVP_EncryptInit_ex(), EVP_EncryptUpdate(), and EVP_EncryptFinal_ex() return 1 for success and 0 for failure.

EVP_DecryptInit_ex() and EVP_DecryptUpdate() return 1 for success and 0 for failure. EVP_DecryptFinal_ex() returns 0 if the decrypt failed or 1 for success.

EVP_CipherInit_ex() and EVP_CipherUpdate() return 1 for success and 0 for failure. EVP_CipherFinal_ex() returns 0 for a decryption failure or 1 for success.

EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup() returns 1 for success and 0 for failure.

EVP_get_cipherbyname(), EVP_get_cipherbynid(), and EVP_get_cipherbyobj() return an EVP_CIPHER structure or NULL on error.

EVP_CIPHER_nid() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_nid() return a NID.

EVP_CIPHER_block_size() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_block_size() return the block size.

EVP_CIPHER_key_length() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_key_length() return the key length.

EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding() always returns 1.

EVP_CIPHER_iv_length() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_iv_length() return the IV length or zero if the cipher does not use an IV.

EVP_CIPHER_type() and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_type() return the NID of the cipher's OBJECT IDENTIFIER or NID_undef if it has no defined OBJECT IDENTIFIER.

EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cipher() returns an EVP_CIPHER structure.

EVP_CIPHER_param_to_asn1() and EVP_CIPHER_asn1_to_param() return greater than zero for success and zero or a negative number for failure.

All algorithms have a fixed key length unless otherwise stated.

()
Null cipher: does nothing.
(), (), (), ()
AES with a 128-bit key in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
(), (), (), ()
AES with a 192-bit key in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
EVP_aes_256_cbc(), (), (), ()
AES with a 256-bit key in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
(), (), (), ()
DES in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
(), (), (), ()
Two key triple DES in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
(), (), (), ()
Three key triple DES in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
()
DESX algorithm in CBC mode.
()
RC4 stream cipher. This is a variable key length cipher with default key length 128 bits.
()
RC4 stream cipher with 40-bit key length. This is obsolete and new code should use EVP_rc4() and the EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_key_length() function.
(), (), (), ()
IDEA encryption algorithm in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively.
(), (), (), ()
RC2 encryption algorithm in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively. This is a variable key length cipher with an additional parameter called "effective key bits" or "effective key length". By default both are set to 128 bits.
(), ()
RC2 algorithm in CBC mode with a default key length and effective key length of 40 and 64 bits. These are obsolete and new code should use EVP_rc2_cbc(), EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_key_length(), and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl() to set the key length and effective key length.
(), (), (), ()
Blowfish encryption algorithm in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively. This is a variable key length cipher.
(), (), (), ()
CAST encryption algorithm in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively. This is a variable key length cipher.
(), (), (), ()
RC5 encryption algorithm in CBC, ECB, CFB and OFB modes respectively. This is a variable key length cipher with an additional "number of rounds" parameter. By default the key length is set to 128 bits and 12 rounds.
(), (), ()
AES Galois Counter Mode (GCM) for 128, 192 and 256 bit keys respectively. These ciphers require additional control operations to function correctly: see the GCM mode section below for details.
(), (), ()
AES Counter with CBC-MAC Mode (CCM) for 128, 192 and 256 bit keys respectively. These ciphers require additional control operations to function correctly: see CCM mode section below for details.
()
The ChaCha20 stream cipher. The key length is 256 bits, the IV is 96 bits long.

For GCM mode ciphers, the behaviour of the EVP interface is subtly altered and several additional ctrl operations are supported.

To specify any additional authenticated data (AAD), a call to (), EVP_EncryptUpdate(), or EVP_DecryptUpdate() should be made with the output parameter out set to NULL.

When decrypting, the return value of () or () indicates if the operation was successful. If it does not indicate success, the authentication operation has failed and any output data MUST NOT be used as it is corrupted.

The following ctrls are supported in GCM mode:

(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, ivlen, NULL)
Sets the IV length: this call can only be made before specifying an IV. If not called, a default IV length is used. For GCM AES the default is 12, i.e. 96 bits.
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_GET_TAG, taglen, tag)
Writes taglen bytes of the tag value to the buffer indicated by tag. This call can only be made when encrypting data and after all data has been processed, e.g. after an EVP_EncryptFinal() call.
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_TAG, taglen, tag)
Sets the expected tag to taglen bytes from tag. This call is only legal when decrypting data and must be made before any data is processed, e.g. before any EVP_DecryptUpdate call.

The behaviour of CCM mode ciphers is similar to GCM mode, but with a few additional requirements and different ctrl values.

Like GCM mode any additional authenticated data (AAD) is passed by calling (), EVP_EncryptUpdate(), or EVP_DecryptUpdate() with the output parameter out set to NULL. Additionally, the total plaintext or ciphertext length MUST be passed to EVP_CipherUpdate(), EVP_EncryptUpdate(), or EVP_DecryptUpdate() with the output and input parameters (in and out) set to NULL and the length passed in the inl parameter.

The following ctrls are supported in CCM mode:

(ctx, EVP_CTRL_CCM_SET_TAG, taglen, tag)
This call is made to set the expected CCM tag value when decrypting or the length of the tag (with the tag parameter set to NULL) when encrypting. The tag length is often referred to as M. If not set, a default value is used (12 for AES).
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_CCM_SET_L, ivlen, NULL)
Sets the CCM L value. If not set, a default is used (8 for AES).
EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx, EVP_CTRL_CCM_SET_IVLEN, ivlen, NULL)
Sets the CCM nonce (IV) length: this call can only be made before specifying an nonce value. The nonce length is given by 15 - L so it is 7 by default for AES.

Encrypt a string using blowfish:

int
do_crypt(char *outfile)
{
	unsigned char outbuf[1024];
	int outlen, tmplen;
	/*
	 * Bogus key and IV: we'd normally set these from
	 * another source.
	 */
	unsigned char key[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15};
	unsigned char iv[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
	const char intext[] = "Some Crypto Text";
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;
	FILE *out;
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(&ctx);
	EVP_EncryptInit_ex(&ctx, EVP_bf_cbc(), NULL, key, iv);

	if (!EVP_EncryptUpdate(&ctx, outbuf, &outlen, intext,
	    strlen(intext))) {
		/* Error */
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
		return 0;
	}
	/*
	 * Buffer passed to EVP_EncryptFinal() must be after data just
	 * encrypted to avoid overwriting it.
	 */
	if (!EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(&ctx, outbuf + outlen, &tmplen)) {
		/* Error */
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
		return 0;
	}
	outlen += tmplen;
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&ctx);
	/*
	 * Need binary mode for fopen because encrypted data is
	 * binary data. Also cannot use strlen() on it because
	 * it won't be NUL terminated and may contain embedded
	 * NULs.
	 */
	out = fopen(outfile, "wb");
	if (out == NULL) {
		/* Error */
		return 0;
	}
	fwrite(outbuf, 1, outlen, out);
	fclose(out);
	return 1;
}

The ciphertext from the above example can be decrypted using the openssl(1) utility with the command line:

openssl bf -in cipher.bin -K 000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F \
           -iv 0102030405060708 -d

General encryption, decryption function example using FILE I/O and RC2 with an 80-bit key:

int
do_crypt(FILE *in, FILE *out, int do_encrypt)
{
	/* Allow enough space in output buffer for additional block */
	inbuf[1024], outbuf[1024 + EVP_MAX_BLOCK_LENGTH];
	int inlen, outlen;
	/*
	 * Bogus key and IV: we'd normally set these from
	 * another source.
	 */
	unsigned char key[] = "0123456789";
	unsigned char iv[] = "12345678";

	/* Don't set key or IV because we will modify the parameters */
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(&ctx);
	EVP_CipherInit_ex(&ctx, EVP_rc2(), NULL, NULL, NULL, do_encrypt);
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_key_length(&ctx, 10);
	/* We finished modifying parameters so now we can set key and IV */
	EVP_CipherInit_ex(&ctx, NULL, NULL, key, iv, do_encrypt);

	for(;;) {
		inlen = fread(inbuf, 1, 1024, in);
		if (inlen <= 0)
			break;
		if (!EVP_CipherUpdate(&ctx, outbuf, &outlen, inbuf,
		    inlen)) {
			/* Error */
			EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&ctx);
			return 0;
		}
		fwrite(outbuf, 1, outlen, out);
	}
	if (!EVP_CipherFinal_ex(&ctx, outbuf, &outlen)) {
		/* Error */
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&ctx);
		return 0;
	}
	fwrite(outbuf, 1, outlen, out);

	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&ctx);
	return 1;
}

evp(3)

EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(), EVP_EncryptInit_ex(), EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(), EVP_DecryptInit_ex(), EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(), EVP_CipherInit_ex(), EVP_CipherFinal_ex(), and EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding() appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.7.

For RC5 the number of rounds can currently only be set to 8, 12 or 16. This is a limitation of the current RC5 code rather than the EVP interface.

EVP_MAX_KEY_LENGTH and EVP_MAX_IV_LENGTH only refer to the internal ciphers with default key lengths. If custom ciphers exceed these values the results are unpredictable. This is because it has become standard practice to define a generic key as a fixed unsigned char array containing EVP_MAX_KEY_LENGTH bytes.

The ASN.1 code is incomplete (and sometimes inaccurate). It has only been tested for certain common S/MIME ciphers (RC2, DES, triple DES) in CBC mode.

August 20, 2017 OpenBSD-6.2