NAME
httpd.conf
—
HTTP daemon configuration
file
DESCRIPTION
httpd.conf
is the configuration file for
the HTTP daemon,
httpd(8).
SECTIONS
httpd.conf
is divided into four main
sections:
- Macros
- User-defined variables may be defined and used later, simplifying the configuration file.
- Global Configuration
- Global settings for httpd(8).
- Servers
- Listening HTTP web servers.
- Types
- Media types and extensions.
Within the sections, a host address can be specified by IPv4 address, IPv6 address, interface name, interface group, or DNS hostname. If the address is an interface name, httpd(8) will look up the first IPv4 address and any other IPv4 and IPv6 addresses of the specified network interface. If ‘*’ is given as an address, it will be used as an alias for 0.0.0.0 to listen on all IPv4 addresses. Likewise, ‘::’ can be used to listen on all IPv6 addresses. A port can be specified by number or name. The port name to number mappings are found in the file /etc/services; see services(5) for details.
The current line can be extended over multiple lines using a backslash (‘\’). Comments can be put anywhere in the file using a hash mark (‘#’), and extend to the end of the current line. Care should be taken when commenting out multi-line text: the comment is effective until the end of the entire block.
Argument names not beginning with a letter, digit, or underscore must be quoted.
Additional configuration files can be included with the
include
keyword, for example:
include "/etc/httpd.conf.local"
MACROS
Macros can be defined that will later be expanded in context.
Macro names must start with a letter, digit, or underscore, and may contain
any of those characters. Macro names may not be reserved words (for example,
directory
, log
, or
root
). Macros are not expanded inside quotes.
For example:
ext_ip="10.0.0.1" server "default" { listen on $ext_ip port 80 }
GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
Here are the settings that can be set globally:
chroot
directory- Set the chroot(2) directory. If not specified, it defaults to /var/www, the home directory of the www user.
default type
type/subtype- Set the default media type that is used if the media type for a specified extension is not found in the configured types or for files without a file extension; see the TYPES section below. If not specified, the default type is set to application/octet-stream.
logdir
directory- Specifies the full path of the directory in which log files will be written. If not specified, it defaults to /logs within the chroot(2) directory.
prefork
number- Run the specified number of server processes. This increases the performance and prevents delays when connecting to a server. httpd(8) runs 3 server processes by default.
SERVERS
The configured web servers.
Each server
section starts with a
declaration of the server name:
server
name {...}- Match the server name using shell globbing rules. This can be an explicit name, www.example.com, or a name including wildcards, *.example.com.
server match
name {...}- Match the server name using pattern matching, see patterns(7).
Followed by a block of options that is enclosed in curly brackets:
alias
name- Specify an additional alias name for this server.
alias match
name- Like the
alias
option, butmatch
the name using pattern matching instead of shell globbing rules, see patterns(7). - [
no
]authenticate
[realm]with
htpasswd - Authenticate a remote user for realm by checking the
credentials against the user authentication file
htpasswd. The file name is relative to the
chroot
and must be readable by the www user. Use theno authenticate
directive to disable authentication in a location. block drop
- Drop the connection without sending an error page.
block
[return
code [uri]]- Close the connection and send an error page. If the optional return code
is not specified,
httpd(8) denies access with a ‘403 Forbidden’
response. The optional uri argument can be used with
return codes in the 3xx range to send a ‘Location:’ header
for redirection to a specified URI.
The uri may contain predefined macros that will be expanded at runtime:
$DOCUMENT_URI
- The request path.
$QUERY_STRING
- The optional query string of the request.
$REMOTE_ADDR
- The IP address of the connected client.
$REMOTE_PORT
- The TCP source port of the connected client.
$REMOTE_USER
- The remote user for HTTP authentication.
$REQUEST_URI
- The request path and optional query string.
$SERVER_ADDR
- The configured IP address of the server.
$SERVER_PORT
- The configured TCP server port of the server.
$SERVER_NAME
- The name of the server.
- %n
- The capture index n of a string that was
captured by the enclosing
location match
option.
connection
option- Set the specified options and limits for HTTP connections. Valid options
are:
max request body
number- Set the maximum body size in bytes that the client can send to the server. The default value is 1048576 bytes (1M).
max requests
number- Set the maximum number of requests per persistent HTTP connection. Persistent connections are negotiated using the Keep-Alive header in HTTP/1.0 and enabled by default in HTTP/1.1. The default maximum number of requests per connection is 100.
timeout
seconds- Specify the inactivity timeout in seconds for accepted sessions. The default timeout is 600 seconds (10 minutes). The maximum is 2147483647 seconds (68 years).
default type
type/subtype- Set the default media type for the specified location, overwriting the global setting.
directory
option- Set the specified options when serving or accessing directories. Valid
options are:
- [
no
]auto index
- If no index file is found, automatically generate a directory listing. This is disabled by default.
index
string- Set the directory index file. If not specified, it defaults to index.html.
no index
- Disable the directory index. httpd(8) will neither display nor generate a directory index.
- [
- [
no
]fastcgi
[socket
socket] - Enable FastCGI instead of serving files. The socket is a local path name within the chroot(2) root directory of httpd(8) and defaults to /run/slowcgi.sock.
hsts
[option]- Enable HTTP Strict Transport Security. Valid options are:
max-age
seconds- Set the maximum time in seconds a receiving user agent should regard this host as an HSTS host. The default is one year.
preload
- Confirm and authenticate that the site is permitted to be included in a browser's preload list.
subdomains
- Signal to the receiving user agent that this host and all sub domains of the host's domain should be considered HSTS hosts.
listen on
address [tls
]port
number- Set the listen address and port. This statement can be specified multiple times.
location
path {...}- Specify server configuration rules for a specific location. The
path argument will be matched against the request
path with shell globbing rules. A location section may include most of the
server configuration rules except
connection
,listen on
,location
andtcp
. location match
path {...}- Like the
location
option, butmatch
the path using pattern matching instead of shell globbing rules, see patterns(7). The pattern may contain captures that can be used in the uri of an enclosedblock return
option. - [
no
]log
[option] - Set the specified logging options. Logging is enabled by default using the
standard
access
anderror
log files, but can be changed per server or location. Use theno log
directive to disable logging of any requests. Valid options are:access
name- Set the name of the access log file relative to the log directory. If not specified, it defaults to access.log.
error
name- Set the name of the error log file relative to the log directory. If not specified, it defaults to error.log.
style
style- Set the logging style. The style can be
common
,combined
orconnection
. The stylescommon
andcombined
write a log entry after each request similar to the standard Apache and nginx access log formats. The styleconnection
writes a summarized log entry after each connection, that can have multiple requests, similar to the format that is used by relayd(8). If not specified, the default iscommon
. - [
no
]syslog
- Enable or disable logging to syslog(3) instead of the log files.
pass
- Disable any previous
block
in a location. root
option- Configure the document root and options for the request path. Valid
options are:
- directory
- Set the document root of the server. The
directory is a pathname within the
chroot(2) root directory of
httpd
. If not specified, it defaults to /htdocs. strip
number- Strip number path components from the beginning of the request path before looking up the stripped-down path at the document root.
tcp
option- Enable or disable the specified TCP/IP options; see
tcp(4) and ip(4) for more information about the options. Valid options
are:
backlog
number- Set the maximum length the queue of pending connections may grow to. The backlog option is 10 by default and is limited by the kern.somaxconn sysctl(8) variable.
ip minttl
number- This option for the underlying IP connection may be used to discard packets with a TTL lower than the specified value. This can be used to implement the Generalized TTL Security Mechanism (GTSM) according to RFC 5082.
ip ttl
number- Change the default time-to-live value in the IP headers.
- [
no
]nodelay
- Enable the TCP NODELAY option for this connection. This is recommended to avoid delays in the data stream.
- [
no
]sack
- Use selective acknowledgements for this connection.
socket buffer
number- Set the socket-level buffer size for input and output for this connection. This will affect the TCP window size.
tls
option- Set the TLS configuration for the server. These options are only used if
TLS has been enabled via the listen directive. Valid options are:
certificate
file- Specify the certificate to use for this server. The file should contain a PEM encoded certificate. The default is /etc/ssl/server.crt.
ciphers
string- Specify the TLS cipher string. If not specified, the default value "HIGH:!aNULL" will be used (strong crypto cipher suites without anonymous DH). See the CIPHERS section of openssl(1) for information about SSL/TLS cipher suites and preference lists.
dhe
params- Specify the DHE parameters to use for DHE cipher suites. Valid parameter values are none, legacy and auto. For legacy a fixed key length of 1024 bits is used, whereas for auto the key length is determined automatically. The default is none, which disables DHE cipher suites.
ecdhe
curve- Specify the ECDHE curve to use for ECDHE cipher suites. Valid parameter values are none, auto and the short name of any known curve. The default is auto.
key
file- Specify the private key to use for this server. The
file should contain a PEM encoded private key
and reside outside of the
chroot(2) root directory of
httpd
. The default is /etc/ssl/private/server.key. protocols
string- Specify the TLS protocols to enable for this server. If not specified, the value "default" will be used (secure protocols; TLSv1.2-only). Refer to the tls_config_parse_protocols(3) function for other valid protocol string values.
TYPES
Configure the supported media types.
httpd(8) will set the Content-Type of the
response header based on the file extension listed in the
types
section. If not specified,
httpd(8) will use built-in media types for
text/css, text/html,
text/plain, image/gif,
image/png, image/jpeg, and
application/javascript.
The types
section must include one or more
lines of the following syntax:
- type/subtype name [name ...]
- Set the media type and subtype to the specified extension name. One or more names can be specified per line. Each line may end with an optional semicolon.
include
file- Include types definitions from an external file, for example /usr/share/misc/mime.types.
EXAMPLES
The following example will start one server that is pre-forked two times and is listening on all local IP addresses. It additionally defines some media types overriding the defaults.
prefork 2 server "default" { listen on * port 80 } types { text/css css text/html html htm text/txt txt image/gif gif image/jpeg jpeg jpg image/png png application/javascript js application/xml xml }
The server can also be configured to only listen on the primary IP address of the network interface that is a member of the "egress" group.
server "default" { listen on egress port 80 }
Multiple servers can be configured to support hosting of different
domains. If the same address is repeated multiple times in the
listen on
statement, the server will be matched
based on the requested host name.
server "www.example.com" { alias "example.com" listen on * port 80 listen on * tls port 443 root "/htdocs/www.example.com" } server "www.a.example.com" { listen on 203.0.113.1 port 80 root "/htdocs/www.a.example.com" } server "www.b.example.com" { listen on 203.0.113.1 port 80 root "/htdocs/www.b.example.com" } server "intranet.example.com" { listen on 10.0.0.1 port 80 root "/htdocs/intranet.example.com" }
Simple redirections can be configured with the
block
directive:
server "example.com" { listen on 10.0.0.1 port 80 block return 301 "http://www.example.com/" } server "www.example.com" { listen on 10.0.0.1 port 80 }
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
The httpd(8) program was written by Reyk Floeter <reyk@openbsd.org>.