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NAME

bioctl — RAID management interface

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

RAID device drivers which support management functionality can register their services with the bio(4) driver. bioctl then can be used to maintain RAID volumes.

In the first synopsis, RAID controllers are managed. device specifies either a drive (e.g. sd0) or a RAID controller (e.g. ami0). For operations which will be performed against ses(4) or safte(4) enclosures, it is also possible to directly specify the enclosure name (e.g. safte0).

In the second synopsis, softraid(4) devices are managed. device specifies either a drive (e.g. sd0) or a softraid(4) device (e.g. softraid0).

The options for RAID controllers are as follows:

-a alarm-function

Control the RAID card's alarm functionality, if supported. alarm-function may be one of:

disable

Disable the alarm on the RAID controller.

enable

Enable the alarm on the RAID controller.

get

Retrieve the current alarm state (enabled or disabled).

silence | quiet

Silence the alarm if it is currently beeping.

The alarm-function may be specified as given above, or by the first letter only (e.g. -a e).

-b channel:target[.lun]

Instruct the device at channel:target[.lun] to start blinking, if there is ses(4) or safte(4) support in the enclosure.

-H channel:target[.lun]

If the device at channel:target[.lun] is currently marked “Unused”, promote it to being a “Hot Spare”.

-h

Where necessary, produce “human-readable” output. Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, Exabyte in order to reduce the number of digits to four or less.

-i

Enumerate the selected RAID devices. This is the default if no other option is given.

-q

Show vendor, product, revision, and serial number for the given disk.

-R device | channel:target[.lun]

Manually kick off a rebuild of a RAID volume, using device or channel:target[.lun] as a new chunk (with softraid(4), a partition of fstype “RAID”) in the volume. device must be specified as a full path to the chunk device file (e.g. /dev/wd0d). A RAID volume rather than a RAID controller is expected as the final argument.

-u channel:target[.lun]

Instruct the device at channel:target[.lun] to cease blinking, if there is ses(4) or safte(4) support in the enclosure.

-v

Be more verbose in output.

In addition to the relevant options listed above, the options for softraid(4) devices are as follows:

-C flag[,flag,...]

Pass flag to bioctl. May be one of:

force

Force the operation; for example, force the creation of volumes with unclean data in the metadata areas.

noauto

Do not automatically assemble this volume at boot time.

-c raidlevel

Create a softraid(4) device of level raidlevel. The device must begin with “softraid” followed by a number.

Valid raidlevels are:

0

RAID 0: A striping discipline.

1

RAID 1: A mirroring discipline.

C

CRYPTO: An encrypting discipline.

c

CONCAT: A concatenating discipline.

The RAID 0, RAID 1 and CONCAT disciplines require a minimum of two devices to be provided via -l and the CRYPTO discipline requires exactly one.

-d

Delete volume specified by device.

-k keydisk

Use special device keydisk as a key disk for a crypto volume.

-l special[,special,...]

Use special device list to create within the softraid(4) framework. Requires -c.

-O device | channel:target[.lun]

Set the state of device or channel:target[.lun] to offline. The state of the RAID volume will change in the same way that it would if the disk physically went offline. device must be specified as a full path to the chunk device file (e.g. /dev/wd0d). A RAID volume rather than a RAID controller is expected as the final argument.

-P

Change the passphrase on the selected crypto volume.

-p passfile

Passphrase file used when crypto volumes are brought up. This file must be root owned and have 0600 permissions. This option cannot be used during the initial creation of the crypto volume.

-r rounds

When creating an encrypted volume, specifies the number of iterations of the PBKDF2 algorithm used to convert a passphrase into a key. Higher iteration counts take more time, but offer more resistance to key guessing attacks. The minimum is 1000 rounds and the default is 8192.

-s

Read the passphrase for the selected crypto volume from /dev/stdin rather than /dev/tty. This option cannot be used during the initial creation of the crypto volume.

EXAMPLES

The following command, executed from the command line, would configure the device softraid0 with 4 special devices (/dev/sd2e, /dev/sd3e, /dev/sd4e, /dev/sd5e) and a RAID level of 1:

# bioctl -c 1 -l /dev/sd2e,/dev/sd3e,/dev/sd4e,/dev/sd5e softraid0

The following command, executed from the command line, would configure the device softraid0 with one special device (/dev/sd2e) and an encrypting volume:

# bioctl -c C -l /dev/sd2e softraid0

bioctl will ask for a passphrase, which will be needed to unlock the encrypted disk. After creating a newly encrypted disk, the first megabyte of it should be zeroed, so tools like fdisk(8) or disklabel(8) don't get confused by the random data that appears on the new disk. This can be done with the following command (assuming the new disk is sd3):

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rsd3c bs=1m count=1

Deleting a softraid volume requires the exact volume name. For example:

# bioctl -d sd2

The following command starts a rebuild of the degraded softraid volume sd0 using a new chunk on wd0d:

# bioctl -R /dev/wd0d sd0

SEE ALSO

bio(4), scsi(4), softraid(4)

STANDARDS

B. Kaliski, PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.0, RFC 2898, September 2000.

HISTORY

The bioctl command first appeared in OpenBSD 3.8.

AUTHORS

The bioctl interface was written by Marco Peereboom <marco@openbsd.org>.

CAVEATS

Only devices with 512-byte sectors are supported.