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LOGIN_CAP(3) Library Functions Manual LOGIN_CAP(3)

login_getclass, login_getstyle, login_getcapbool, login_getcapnum, login_getcapsize, login_getcapstr, login_getcaptime, login_close, secure_path, setclasscontext, setusercontext — query login.conf database about a user class

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <login_cap.h>

login_cap_t *
login_getclass(char *class);

char *
login_getstyle(login_cap_t *lc, char *style, char *type);

int
login_getcapbool(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, unsigned int def);

quad_t
login_getcapnum(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, quad_t def, quad_t err);

quad_t
login_getcapsize(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, quad_t def, quad_t err);

char *
login_getcapstr(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, char *def, char *err);

quad_t
login_getcaptime(login_cap_t *lc, char *cap, quad_t def, quad_t err);

void
login_close(login_cap_t *lc);

int
secure_path(char *path);

int
setclasscontext(char *class, unsigned int flags);

int
setusercontext(login_cap_t *lc, struct passwd *pwd, uid_t uid, unsigned int flags);

The () function extracts the entry specified by class (or default if class is NULL or the empty string) from /etc/login.conf (see login.conf(5)). If the entry is found, a login_cap_t pointer is returned. NULL is returned if the user class is not found. When the login_cap_t structure is no longer needed, it should be freed by the () function.

Once lc has been returned by (), any of the other () functions may be called. The () function is used to obtain the style of authentication that should be used for this user class. The style argument may either be NULL or the desired style of authentication. If NULL, the first available authentication style will be used. The type argument refers to the type of authentication being performed. This is used to override the standard auth entry in the database. By convention this should be of the form "auth-type". Future releases may remove the requirement for the "auth-" prefix and add it if it is missing. If type is NULL then only "auth" will be looked at (see login.conf(5)). The login_getstyle() function will return NULL if the desired style of authentication is not available, or if no style is available.

The (), (), (), and () functions all query the database entry for a field named cap. If the field is found, its value is returned. If the field is not found, the value specified by def is returned. If an error is encountered while trying to find the field, err is returned. See login.conf(5) for a discussion of the various textual forms the value may take. The () function is slightly different. It returns def if no capabilities were found for this class (typically meaning that the default class was used and the /etc/login.conf file is missing). It returns a non-zero value if cap, with no value, was found, zero otherwise.

The () function takes a path name and returns 0 if the path name is secure, -1 if not. To be secure a path must exist, be a regular file (and not a directory), owned by root, and only writable by the owner (root).

The () function takes class, the name of a user class, and sets the resources defined by that class according to flags. Only the LOGIN_SETPATH, LOGIN_SETPRIORITY, LOGIN_SETRESOURCES, and LOGIN_SETUMASK bits are used (see setusercontext() below). It returns 0 on success and -1 on failure.

The () function sets the resources according to flags. The lc argument, if not NULL, contains the class information that should be used. The pwd argument, if not NULL, provides information about the user. Both lc and pwd cannot be NULL. The uid argument is used in place of the user ID contained in the pwd structure when calling setuid(2). The setusercontext() function returns 0 on success and -1 on failure. The various bits available to be or-ed together to make up flags are:

Sets environment variables specified by the setenv keyword.
Set the group ID and call initgroups(3). Requires the pwd field be specified.
Sets the login name by setlogin(2). Requires the pwd field be specified.
Sets the PATH environment variable.
Sets the priority by setpriority(2).
Sets the various system resources by setrlimit(2).
Sets the umask by umask(2).
Sets the user ID to uid by setuid(2).
Sets all of the above.

setlogin(2), setpriority(2), setrlimit(2), setuid(2), umask(2), initgroups(3), login.conf(5)

The login_getclass function first appeared in OpenBSD 2.8.

The string returned by login_getcapstr() is allocated via malloc(3) when the specified capability is present and thus it is the responsibility of the caller to free() this space. However, if the capability was not found or an error occurred and def or err (whichever is relevant) are non-NULL the returned value is simply what was passed in to login_getcapstr(). Therefore it is not possible to blindly free() the return value without first checking it against def and err.

The same warnings set forth in setlogin(2) apply to setusercontext() when the LOGIN_SETLOGIN flag is used. Specifically, changing the login name affects all processes in the current session, not just the current process. See setlogin(2) for more information.

June 5, 2013 OpenBSD-5.4