NAME
rum
—
Ralink Technology USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g
wireless network device
SYNOPSIS
rum* at uhub? port ?
DESCRIPTION
The rum
driver supports USB 2.0 and PCI
Express Mini Card wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2501USB and
RT2601USB chipsets.
Ralink PCI Express Mini Card adapters show up as normal USB 2.0
devices and are thus handled by the rum
driver.
The RT2501USB chipset is the second generation of 802.11a/b/g adapters from Ralink. It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2571W MAC/BBP and an RT2528 or RT5226 radio transceiver.
The RT2601USB chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2671 MAC/BBP and an RT2527 or RT5225 radio transceiver. This chipset uses the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology with multiple antennas to extend the operating range of the adapter and to achieve higher throughput.
These are the modes the rum
driver can
operate in:
- BSS mode
- Also known as infrastructure mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default.
- IBSS mode
- Also known as IEEE ad-hoc mode or peer-to-peer mode. This is the standardized method of operating without an access point. Stations associate with a service set. However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer.
- Host AP
- In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station) for other cards.
- monitor mode
- In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, or to scan for access points.
The rum
driver can be configured to use
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and
WPA2-PSK). WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. It
is strongly recommended that WEP not be used as the sole mechanism to secure
wireless communication, due to serious weaknesses in it. The
rum
driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for
both encryption and decryption of data frames.
The rum
driver can be configured at
runtime with
ifconfig(8) or on boot with
hostname.if(5).
FILES
The following firmware file is loaded when an interface is brought up:
- /etc/firmware/rum-rt2573
HARDWARE
The following adapters should work:
- 3Com Aolynk WUB320g
- Abocom WUG2700
- Airlink101 AWLL5025
- ASUS WL-167g ver 2
- Atlantis Land A02-UP1-W54
- Belkin F5D7050 ver 3
- Belkin F5D9050 ver 3
- Belkin F5D9050C
- Buffalo WLI-U2-SG54HG
- Buffalo WLI-U2-SG54HP
- Buffalo WLI-U2-G54HP
- CNet CWD-854 ver F
- Conceptronic C54RU ver 2
- Corega CG-WLUSB2GL
- Corega CG-WLUSB2GO
- Corega CG-WLUSB2GPX
- D-Link DWA-110
- D-Link DWA-111
- D-Link DWL-G122 rev C1
- D-Link WUA-1340
- Digitus DN-7003GR
- Edimax EW-7318Ug
- Edimax EW-7318USg
- Edimax EW-7618Ug
- Gigabyte GN-WB01GS
- Gigabyte GN-WI05GS
- Hawking HWUG1
- Hawking HWU54DM
- Hercules HWGUSB2-54-LB
- Hercules HWGUSB2-54V2-AP
- LevelOne WNC-0301USB v3
- Linksys WUSB200
- Linksys WUSB54G rev C
- Linksys WUSB54GR
- Planex GW-US54HP
- Planex GW-US54Mini2
- Planex GW-USMM
- Senao NUB-3701
- Sitecom WL-113 ver 2
- Sitecom WL-172
- Sweex LW053
- TP-LINK TL-WN321G
EXAMPLES
The following example scans for available networks:
# ifconfig rum0 scan
The following hostname.if(5) example configures rum0 to join network “mynwid”, using WPA key “mywpakey”, obtaining an IP address using DHCP:
nwid mynwid wpakey mywpakey dhcp
The following hostname.if(5) example creates a host-based access point on boot:
inet 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 mediaopt hostap nwid mynwid wpakey mywpakey
DIAGNOSTICS
- rum%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s
- For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted.
- rum%d: could not load 8051 microcode
- An error occurred while attempting to upload the microcode to the onboard 8051 microcontroller unit.
- rum%d: device timeout
- A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen.
SEE ALSO
arp(4), ifmedia(4), intro(4), netintro(4), usb(4), hostname.if(5), hostapd(8), ifconfig(8)
Ralink Technology: http://www.ralinktech.com/
HISTORY
The rum
driver first appeared in
OpenBSD 4.0.
AUTHORS
The rum
driver was written by
Niall O'Higgins ⟨niallo@openbsd.org⟩
and
Damien Bergamini
⟨damien@openbsd.org⟩.
CAVEATS
The rum
driver supports automatic control
of the transmit speed in BSS mode only. Therefore the use of a
rum
adapter in Host AP mode is discouraged.
Host AP mode doesn't support power saving. Clients attempting to use power saving mode may experience significant packet loss (disabling power saving on the client will fix this).